How to apply
Anyone who wants to fly a drone for commercial work (often also referred to as aerial work) needs a Permission from the CAA (take careful note that this is not a licence).
To get this Permission, you will need to:
- Remote Pilot Competence
- Demonstrate a sufficient understanding of aviation theory (airmanship, airspace, aviation law and good flying practice).
- Pass a practical flight assessment (flight test).
- Develop basic procedures for conducting the type of flights you want to do and set these out in an Operations Manual.
- If your intended operation requires an approval with greater privileges than in a Standard Permission, you will also need to provide us with an Operating Safety Case to demonstrate that the intended operation is appropriately safe.
Details are available in our guidance document CAP 722, including the requirements for remote pilot competence.
The CAA does not organise or run assessment courses but we approve commercial organisations, known as National Qualified Entities (NQEs) to do this assessment on out behalf.
Anyone interested in getting a CAA Permission should first contact one of the NQEs shown on our guidance for operators page in order to obtain the required proof of remote pilot competence. The NQE will generally help you develop an operations manual and will offer advice on completing the additional paperwork.
Some concessions from the full remote pilot competence requirements are available if you already have suitable aviation (piloting) qualifications such as previous model aircraft flying qualifications or a licence or certificate that allows you to fly in non-segregated UK airspace (PPL, gliding certificate, etc). At the present time suitable British Model Flying Association (BMFA) certificates are accepted and although not listed, equivalents from the Scottish Model Association and Large Model Association will also be accepted. Previous military flying experience may also be accepted, the general requirement being that the pilot already has qualifications or experience in flying an aircraft in non-segregated UK airspace (i.e. not limited to flying only within military ranges, training areas or on active military service overseas).
The full range of available concessions (acceptable alternative evidence of pilot competency) is set out in more detail in CAP722.
Once you have met the requirements, please follow the guidance on how to apply and submit your application.
Renewals and variations
Permissions and exemptions are issued for a fixed period of time, which can be for up to 12 months in duration. They can be extended for further periods (renewed) or amended (varied) during the validity period. When making an application, the meaning of the terms ‘renewal’ and ‘variation’ on the application form are treated as follows:
‘Renewal’ means an application to extend the validity of an existing Permission, Exemption or other operational authorisation, where there is no change being requested for the class of UAS being used, the operational conditions, or the terms of the current approval.
‘Variation’ means a request to change the conditions within an already granted Permission, Exemption or other operational authorisation (Eg. a change of, or addition to, the class of UAS being used, a change to the operational parameters that are permitted, or a change to the terms within the current approval).
A variation to a Permission or Exemption is different to a renewal and so must be applied for separately. Please note that a ‘Standard’ Permission cannot be ‘varied’ to become a ‘Non-Standard’ Permission or Exemption due to the additional workload involved; such changes must be regarded as a new ‘Non-standard’ application.
‘Lapsed Renewal’ means an application to update the validity of a Permission, Exemption or other operational authorisation which has now expired. Please note a lapsed renewal will be treated as an initial issue and will therefore be charged the equivalent initial fee as per our scheme of charges.
‘Renewal and Variation’ means an application to extend the validity of an existing Permission, Exemption or other operational authorisation, where conditions have changed (Eg. a change of, or addition to, the class of UAS being used, a change to the operational parameters that are permitted, or a change to the terms within the current approval).
Insurance
Note: Insurance for “each and every flight” could be a per flight/daily/weekly/monthly or annual policy so long as it satisfies the requirements of the EC Regulation for the duration of the flight.
If an operator with a Permission, Exemption or authorisation conducts a flight without valid insurance, then that Permission, Exemption or authorisation would not be valid, and therefore the operation be in breach of the ANO as well as EC785/2004.
The insurance must be in the name of the applicant, not just the name of the pilot (unless the pilot is the applicant ) or the trading name. I.E. for companies the insurance must include the full name of the company including Ltd / Limited / PLC as appropriate.
Insurance must be EC Regulation 785/2004 compliant. If you have any concerns your insurance policy might not comply with EC Regulation 785/2004, then please check directly with your broker.
Article 2(b) of EC 785/2004 states that the regulation does not apply to ‘model aircraft with an MTOM of less than 20kg’. In the absence of any definition of ‘model aircraft’ within the regulation, the United Kingdom has interpreted ‘model aircraft’ to mean “Any small unmanned aircraft which is being used for sport or recreational purposes only”. Therefore, for all other types of small unmanned aircraft flight, whether commercial or non-commercial, appropriate cover that meets the requirements of EC 785/2004 is required.
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